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Head lice are spread by direct contact with the hair of someone who is infected. [4] The cause of head lice infestations in children is not related to cleanliness. [5] Other animals, such as cats and dogs, do not play a role in transmission. [4] Head lice feed only on human blood and are only able to survive on human head hair.
Head lice, like other insects of the order Phthiraptera, are hemimetabolous. [1] [10] Newly hatched nymphs will moult three times before reaching the sexually mature adult stage. [1] Thus, mobile head lice populations may contain eggs, nits, three nymphal instars, and the adults (male and female) . [1]
When your child is the temporary home for these blood-sucking freeloaders, the social issue can sometimes be more overwhelming than the physical issue.
[16] [17] Normally head lice infest a new host only by close contact between individuals, making social contacts among children and parent child interactions more likely routes of infestation than shared combs, brushes, towels, clothing, beds or closets. Head-to-head contact is by far the most common route of lice transmission. [citation needed]
According to CDC data, an estimated 6 million to 12 million head lice infestations happen each year in the U.S. in children 3 to 11 years old. It's most common in preschool children who go to ...
According to the CDC, many nits are more than 1/4 of an inch from the scalp, meaning they are either very unlikely to hatch live, crawling lice, or wind up being an egg casing with no insect inside.
The lice of the First World War trenches nicknamed "cooties" were also known as "arithmetic bugs" because "they added to our troubles, subtracted from our pleasures, divided our attention, and multiplied like hell." [11] In Italy, children have the term la peste ("the plague"). [1]
Lice inhabiting birds, however, may simply leave their eggs in parts of the body inaccessible to preening, such as the interior of feather shafts. Living louse eggs tend to be pale whitish, whereas dead louse eggs are yellower. [5] Lice are exopterygotes, being born as miniature versions of the adult, known as nymphs. The young moult three ...