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Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP – also known as lung plague), is a contagious bacterial disease that afflicts the lungs of cattle, buffalo, zebu, and yaks. It is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, and the symptoms are pneumonia and inflammation of the lung membranes. [1] The incubation period is 20 to 123 days.
Dictyocaulus viviparus found in the bronchi of a calf during necropsy (arrow). Parasitic bronchitis, also known as hoose, husk, or verminous bronchitis, [1] is a disease of sheep, cattle, goats, [2] and swine caused by the presence of various species of parasite, commonly known as lungworms, [3] in the bronchial tubes or in the lungs.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common and economically devastating infectious disease affecting beef cattle in the world. [1] It is a complex, bacterial or viral infection that causes pneumonia in calves which can be fatal.
There is a vaccine available which reduces the severity and incidence of disease. Some countries in Europe have successfully eradicated the disease by applying a strict culling policy. Infection can occur in cattle of any age, but it is most commonly seen between the ages of 6 and 18 months.
The reasons for this are unknown. Some species appear to be particularly susceptible, for example Père David's deer, [10] Bali cattle [6] and bison, [7] with many deer dying within 48 hours of the appearance of the first symptoms and bison within three days. [1] [11] In contrast, post infection cattle will usually survive a week or more. [12]
Botulism vaccines follow the same program as the 5in1 and 7in1 vaccines however it takes 4 to 5 weeks to develop immunity and usually the first affected animals tend to die within the first 12 to 24 hours after they develop signs and symptoms. Longer duration vaccines tend to be used in endemic regions of Australia where the disease is ...
Vaccines against Theileria are in development. [ 1 ] [ 8 ] In May 2010, a vaccine that was reported to protect cattle against East Coast fever had been approved and registered by the governments of Kenya, Malawi, and Tanzania.
Some vaccines that rely on erythrocyte-derived antigen sources provide immunity or prevent clinical disease, although these do not prevent cattle from being infected with A. marginale. Other means of prevention can include testing all ruminants in a herd and eliminating any individuals who test positive for anaplasmosis, leading to an ...