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Wang Xizhi (Chinese: 王羲之; courtesy name: Yishao (逸少); c. 303 – c. 361) was a Chinese politician and writer from the Jin dynasty (266–420) known for his mastery of Chinese calligraphy. He is often regarded as the greatest calligrapher in Chinese history.
The gathering at the Orchid Pavilion is also famous for the artistry of the calligraphy of Wang Xizhi, [2] who was both one of the participants as well as the author and calligrapher of the Lantingji Xu (Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion). Sun Chuo also wrote a preface, which is somewhat less famous. [3]
The Lantingji Xu (traditional Chinese: 蘭亭集序; simplified Chinese: 兰亭集序; pinyin: Lántíngjí Xù; lit. 'Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion'), or Lanting Xu ("Orchid Pavilion Preface"), is a piece of Chinese calligraphy work generally considered to be written by the well-known calligrapher Wang Xizhi (303–361) from the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420).
Part of a Song Dynasty stone rubbing of Wang Xizhi's manuscript of the Yellow Court Classic. The Yellow Court Classic (simplified Chinese: 黄庭经; pinyin: Huángtíng-jīng), a Chinese Daoist meditation text, [1] was received from an unknown source by Wei Huacun, one of the founders of the Shangqing School (Chinese: 上清), in 288 CE.
To commemorate this day, the calligrapher Wang Xizhi wrote an introduction to the poems collected on the Jade Mountain carving. [1] Wang was particularly renowned for his cursive script and was also a highly esteemed scholar of the time. According to the Minneapolis catalog, 41 scholars along with Wang went to this festival.
The Yongle Emperor (reigned 1402–1424) was particularly fond of it and even designated the style of the two Wangs (Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi from the 4th century) as the official script. His successor, the Hongxi Emperor , was renowned for his calligraphy skills and was often compared to the Tang Emperor Taizong (reigned 626–649).
In the 8th century, Kim Saeng became known as the earliest Korean calligraphic master, producing work that was compared with that of master Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi. [3] In the 9th century, poet Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn became known for his calligraphy both in his home country Silla and in the Tang Dynasty, where he worked and studied. [4]
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