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Identification, friend or foe (IFF) is a combat identification system designed for command and control. It uses a transponder that listens for an interrogation signal and then sends a response that identifies the broadcaster. IFF systems usually use radar frequencies, but other electromagnetic frequencies, radio or infrared, may be used. [1]
As opposed to an ordinary forward looking infrared system, an IRST system will actually scan the space around the aircraft similarly to the way in which mechanically (or even electronically) steered radars work. The exception to the scanning technique is the F-35's DAS, which stares in all directions simultaneously, and automatically detects ...
Multispectral imaging combines two to five spectral imaging bands of relatively large bandwidth into a single optical system. A multispectral system usually provides a combination of visible (0.4 to 0.7 µm), near infrared (NIR; 0.7 to 1 µm), short-wave infrared (SWIR; 1 to 1.7 µm), mid-wave infrared (MWIR; 3.5 to 5 µm) or long-wave infrared ...
IFF Mark II was the first operational identification friend or foe system. It was developed by the Royal Air Force just before the start of World War II . After a short run of prototype Mark I s, used experimentally in 1939, the Mark II began widespread deployment at the end of the Battle of Britain in late 1940.
The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer (or spectrophotometer) which produces an infrared spectrum. An IR spectrum can be visualized in a graph of infrared light absorbance (or transmittance ) on the vertical axis vs. frequency , wavenumber or wavelength on the horizontal ...
The use of U,B,V,R,I bands dates from the 1950s, being single-letter abbreviations. [b] With the advent of infrared detectors in the next decade, the J to N bands were labelled following on from near-infrared's closest-to-red band, I. Later the H band was inserted, then Z in the 1990s and finally Y, without changing earlier definitions.
Thermal Infrared Image by Mars Odyssey's thermal emission imaging system of Mars. Thermal remote sensing is a branch of remote sensing in the thermal infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. [1] Thermal radiation from ground objects is measured using a thermal band in satellite sensors. [2]
Infrared tracking, also known as infrared homing, refers to a passive missile guidance system, which uses the emission from a target of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum to track it. Missiles that use infrared seeking are often referred to as "heat-seekers" since infrared (IR) is just below the visible spectrum of ...