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  2. Boltzmann constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_constant

    Boltzmann constant: The Boltzmann constant, k, is one of seven fixed constants defining the International System of Units, the SI, with k = 1.380 649 x 10 −23 J K −1. The Boltzmann constant is a proportionality constant between the quantities temperature (with unit kelvin) and energy (with unit joule).

  3. Ludwig Boltzmann - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Boltzmann

    Boltzmann was born in Erdberg, a suburb of Vienna into a Catholic family. His father, Ludwig Georg Boltzmann, was a revenue official. His grandfather, who had moved to Vienna from Berlin, was a clock manufacturer, and Boltzmann's mother, Katharina Pauernfeind, was originally from Salzburg.

  4. kT (energy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KT_(energy)

    kT (also written as k B T) is the product of the Boltzmann constant, k (or k B), and the temperature, T.This product is used in physics as a scale factor for energy values in molecular-scale systems (sometimes it is used as a unit of energy), as the rates and frequencies of many processes and phenomena depend not on their energy alone, but on the ratio of that energy and kT, that is, on ⁠ E ...

  5. List of scientists whose names are used in physical constants

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientists_whose...

    Balmer's constant: Josef Stefan: 1835–1893 Slovene/Austrian: Stefan's constant [2] Ludwig Boltzmann: 1844–1906 Austrian Boltzmann constant: Henri Victor Regnault: 1810–1878 French Regnault constant: Johannes Rydberg: 1854–1919 Swedish: Rydberg constant: J. J. Thomson: 1856–1940 British Thomson cross section: Erwin Madelung: 1881 ...

  6. Entropy (statistical thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_(statistical...

    The proportionality constant k B is one of the fundamental constants of physics and is named the Boltzmann constant in honor of its discoverer. Boltzmann's entropy describes the system when all the accessible microstates are equally likely. It is the configuration corresponding to the maximum of entropy at equilibrium.

  7. Stefan–Boltzmann law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan–Boltzmann_law

    In common usage, the symbol used for radiant exitance (often called radiant emittance) varies among different texts and in different fields. The Stefan–Boltzmann law may be expressed as a formula for radiance as a function of temperature. Radiance is measured in watts per square metre per steradian (W⋅m −2 ⋅sr −1).

  8. Multiplicity (statistical mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicity_(statistical...

    Commonly denoted , it is related to the configuration entropy of an isolated system [2] via Boltzmann's entropy formula = ⁡, where is the entropy and is the Boltzmann constant. Example: the two-state paramagnet

  9. Eyring equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyring_equation

    The general form of the Eyring–Polanyi equation somewhat resembles the Arrhenius equation: = ‡ where is the rate constant, ‡ is the Gibbs energy of activation, is the transmission coefficient, is the Boltzmann constant, is the temperature, and is the Planck constant.