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Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction .
The direction of the electromotive force is given by Lenz's law. The laws of induction of electric currents in mathematical form was established by Franz Ernst Neumann in 1845. [21] Faraday's law contains the information about the relationships between both the magnitudes and the directions of its variables.
Momentum must be conserved in the process, so if q 1 is pushed in one direction, then q 2 ought to be pushed in the other direction by the same force at the same time. However, the situation becomes more complicated when the finite speed of electromagnetic wave propagation is introduced (see retarded potential).
By convention, it's the direction from North to South magnetic pole. Then the se c ond finger represents the direction of the induced or generated c urrent within the conductor (from + to −, the terminal with lower electric potential to the terminal with higher electric potential, as in a voltage source)
The various FBI mnemonics (for electric motors) show the direction of the force on a conductor carrying a current in a magnetic field as predicted by Fleming's left hand rule for motors [1] and Faraday's law of induction. Other mnemonics exist that use a right hand rule for predicting resulting motion from a preexisting current and field.
The history of electromagnetic induction, a facet of electromagnetism, began with observations of the ancients: electric charge or static electricity (rubbing silk on amber), electric current , and magnetic attraction . Understanding the unity of these forces of nature, and the scientific theory of electromagnetism was initiated and achieved ...
Using the right hand rule to find the direction of the magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field at a point, the direction of the arrowheads on the magnetic field lines, which is the direction that the "north pole" of the compass needle points, can be found from the current by the right-hand rule.
The paradox appears a bit different from the lines of flux viewpoint: in Faraday's model of electromagnetic induction, a magnetic field consisted of imaginary lines of magnetic flux, similar to the lines that appear when iron filings are sprinkled on paper and held near a magnet. The EMF is proposed to be proportional to the rate of cutting ...