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The Kʼicheʼ capital, Qʼumarkaj, fell to Pedro de Alvarado in 1524. [54] Shortly afterwards, the Spanish were invited as allies into Iximche, the capital city of the Kaqchikel Maya. [55] Good relations did not last and the city was abandoned a few months later. [56] This was followed by the fall of Zaculeu, the Mam Maya capital, in 1525. [57]
Yaxha was a large city located upon the north shore of the lake of the same name. The city reached its maximum power in the Early Classic, when it was one of the largest capital cities in the Maya region; it was apparently allied with Tikal at that time. By the Late Classic its power had waned, perhaps linked to defeat by Calakmul or its allies ...
The Maya city of Chichen Itza and the distant Toltec capital of Tula had an especially close relationship. [12] The Petén region consists of densely forested low-lying limestone plain; [13] a chain of fourteen lakes runs across the central drainage basin of Petén. [14] To the south the plain gradually rises towards the Guatemalan Highlands. [15]
Tikal was the capital of a conquest state that became one of the most powerful kingdoms of the ancient Maya. [5] Though monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period , c. 200 to 900.
Capital cities of Maya kingdoms could vary considerably in size, apparently related to how many vassal cities were tied to the capital. [52] Overlords of city-states that held sway over a greater number of subordinate lords could command greater quantities of tribute in the form of goods and labour. [53]
Chetumal has become known for its traditional wood buildings, few of which survive. In Pre-Columbian times, a city called Chactemal (sometimes rendered as "Chetumal" in early European sources), probably today's Santa Rita in Belize, [6] [7] was the capital of a Maya state of the same name that roughly controlled the southern quarter of modern Quintana Roo and the northeast portion of Belize.
Cobá took its place in Maya culture no earlier than 100 B.C., and enjoyed a continuous life as a city until about 1,200 A.D. Known as the “city of chopped water,” the site may have had up to ...
Mayapan was the political and cultural capital of the Maya in the Yucatán Peninsula during the Late Post-Classic period from the 1220s until the 1440s. [1] Estimates of the total city population are 15,000–17,000 people, and the site has more than 4,000 structures within the city walls, and additional dwellings outside. [2]