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The Jordan form is used to find a normal form of matrices up to conjugacy such that normal matrices make up an algebraic variety of a low fixed degree in the ambient matrix space. Sets of representatives of matrix conjugacy classes for Jordan normal form or rational canonical forms in general do not constitute linear or affine subspaces in the ...
Let () (that is, a n × n complex matrix) and () be the change of basis matrix to the Jordan normal form of A; that is, A = C −1 JC.Now let f (z) be a holomorphic function on an open set such that ; that is, the spectrum of the matrix is contained inside the domain of holomorphy of f.
Rather, the Jordan canonical form of () contains one Jordan block for each distinct root; if the multiplicity of the root is m, then the block is an m × m matrix with on the diagonal and 1 in the entries just above the diagonal. in this case, V becomes a confluent Vandermonde matrix. [2]
Matlab, GNU Octave, R, ... Using the Jordan canonical form ... Suppose that X = PJP −1 where J is the Jordan form of X.
Jordan normal form is a canonical form for matrix similarity. The row echelon form is a canonical form, when one considers as equivalent a matrix and its left product by an invertible matrix . In computer science, and more specifically in computer algebra , when representing mathematical objects in a computer, there are usually many different ...
This form is a special case of the Jordan canonical form for matrices. [7] For example, any nonzero 2 × 2 nilpotent matrix is similar to the matrix []. That is, if is any nonzero 2 × 2 nilpotent matrix, then there exists a basis b 1, b 2 such that Nb 1 = 0 and Nb 2 = b 1
Jordan canonical form — an 'almost' diagonalised matrix, where the only non-zero elements appear on the lead and superdiagonals. Linear independence — two or more vectors are linearly independent if there is no way to construct one from linear combinations of the others. Matrix exponential — defined by the exponential series.
When V is a finite-dimensional vector space over an algebraically closed field, linear transformations acting on V are characterized (up to similarity) by the Jordan canonical form, which decomposes V into invariant subspaces of T. Many fundamental questions regarding T can be translated to questions about invariant subspaces of T.