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The gana sanghas in India it is generally believed existed as early as the 6th century BC, and persisted in some areas until the 4th century. The ancient Buddhist texts provide many accounts of the various ancient Indian states at the time of the Buddha , including their forms of governments and political workings.
A dancing gana, Deogarh The word gaṇa (Sanskrit: गण Sanskrit pronunciation: [ɡɐ.ɳɐ́]) in Sanskrit and Pali means "flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe ...
They included parts of the trans-Vindhyan region, [4] and all had developed prior to the rise of Buddhism in Ancient India. [ 5 ] Archaeologically, this period has been identified as corresponding in part to the Northern Black Polished Ware culture.
The Mallakas lived in the region now covered by the Kushinagar district in India, although their precise borders are yet to be determined.The Mallakas' neighbours to the east across the Sadānirā river were the Licchavikas, their neighbours to the west were the Sakyas, Koliyas, Moriyas, and Kauśalyas, the southern neighbours of the Mallakas were the Kālāmas and the Gaṅgā river, and the ...
Similarly, there were some tribes in the eastern regions of India considered to be in this category. [28] Tribes with non-Vedic culture — especially those of barbaric nature — were collectively termed as Mleccha. Very little was mentioned in the ancient Indian literature about the kingdoms to the North, beyond the Himalayas.
The evidence for more ancient Ganesha, suggests Narain, may reside outside Brahmanic or Sanskritic traditions, or outside geocultural boundaries of India. [161] Ganesha appears in China by the 6th century, states Brown, [ 165 ] and his artistic images in temple setting as "remover of obstacles" in South Asia appear by about 400 CE. [ 166 ]
Gana Sanghas (c. 500 BCE) Pipphalivana was the capital of the Moriya republic, a gana- sangha of the Mahajanapada period. [1] [2] [3] The 7th century CE Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang later referred to it by the name of Nyagrodhavana.
Shakya (Pāḷi: Sakya; Sanskrit: शाक्य, romanized: Śākya) was an ancient clan of the northeastern region of South Asia, whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Shakyas were organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), also known as the Shakya Republic. [2]