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An optimist and a pessimist, Vladimir Makovsky, 1893. Researchers operationalize the term "optimism" differently depending on their research. As with any trait characteristic, there are several ways to evaluate optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test (LOT), an eight-item scale developed in 1985 by Michael Scheier and Charles Carver.
Seligman invites pessimists to learn to be optimists by thinking about their reactions to adversity in a new way. The resulting optimism—one that grew from pessimism—is a learned optimism. The optimist's outlook on failure can thus be summarized as "What happened was an unlucky situation (not personal), and really just a setback (not ...
Optimism bias is typically measured through two determinants of risk: absolute risk, where individuals are asked to estimate their likelihood of experiencing a negative event compared to their actual chance of experiencing a negative event (comparison against self), and comparative risk, where individuals are asked to estimate the likelihood of experiencing a negative event (their personal ...
Prepare and make adjustments as needed. According to Carmichael, identifying your mood rhythms can be helpful on the practical level of self-care, and also give you a sense of control. “If an ...
Eventually, you stop thinking about your regrets and learn what you want (and what you won’t tolerate) in the future. "Remind yourself there's a lot of people in the world," Morin says.
Think optimistic cheerleader, not tough-love drill sergeant. Respect any decisions they make — like going on or off weight loss medication , starting therapy, joining a weight loss program, or ...
Sanna and colleagues examined temporal framing and thinking about success as a contributor to the planning fallacy. They found that when people were induced to think about a deadline as distant (i.e., much time remaining) vs. rapidly approaching (i.e., little time remaining), they made more optimistic predictions and had more thoughts of success.
New York Jets star defenders Jermaine Johnson and Quincy Williams may have had a tumultuous 2024 season, but they shared the valuable lessons they learned through adversity.