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The cough reflex occurs when stimulation of cough receptors in the ... The bronchi and non-cartilaginous portions of the trachea collapse to form slits through which ...
After branching, the nerves typically ascend in a groove at the junction of the trachea and esophagus. [ 4 ] : 1346–1347 They then pass behind the posterior, middle part of the outer lobes of the thyroid gland and enter the larynx underneath the inferior constrictor muscle , [ 3 ] : 918 passing into the larynx just posterior to the ...
Coronary reflex; Cough reflex — a rapid expulsion of air from the lungs after sudden opening of the glottis, and usually following irritation of the trachea. Cremasteric reflex — elevation of the scrotum and testis elicited by stroking of the superior and medial part of the thigh.
The carina of trachea (also: "tracheal carina" [1]) is a ridge [1] of cartilage [2] at the base of the trachea separating the openings of the left and right main bronchi. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Structure
Laryngospasm is a primitive protective airway reflex that functions to protect against aspiration. However, it may be detrimental if there is sustained closure of the glottis resulting in blockage of respiration that hinders the free flow of air.
The gag reflex involves a brisk and brief elevation of the soft palate and bilateral contraction of pharyngeal muscles evoked by touching the posterior pharyngeal wall. Touching the soft palate can lead to a similar reflex response. However, in that case, the sensory limb of the reflex is the CN V (trigeminal nerve). In very sensitive ...
The other clearance mechanism is provided by the cough reflex. [2] Mucociliary clearance has a major role in pulmonary hygiene . MCC effectiveness relies on the correct properties of the airway surface liquid produced, both of the periciliary sol layer and the overlying mucus gel layer , and of the number and quality of the cilia present in the ...
The exact location and functionality of the cough center has remained somewhat elusive: while Johannes Peter Müller observed in 1838 that the medulla coordinates the cough reflex, investigating it has been slow because the usual anaesthetics for experimental animals were morphine or opiates, drugs which strongly inhibit cough.