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Big stick ideology, big stick diplomacy, big stick philosophy, or big stick policy was a political approach used by the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt. The terms are derived from an aphorism which Roosevelt often said: "speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far". [1]
1904 commentary on Roosevelt's "big stick" policy. Roosevelt was adept at coining phrases to concisely summarize his policies. "Big stick" was his catch phrase for his hard pushing foreign policy: "Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far."
1904 commentary on Roosevelt's "big stick" policy in the Caribbean. Roosevelt placed an emphasis on expanding and reforming the United States military. [147] The United States Army, with 39,000 men in 1890, was the smallest and least powerful army of any major power in the late 19th century.
This announcement has been described as the policy of "speaking softly but carrying a big stick", and consequently launched a period of "big stick" diplomacy, in contrast with the later Dollar diplomacy. [8] Roosevelt's approach was more controversial among isolationist-pacifists in the U.S.
Roosevelt tied his policy to the Monroe Doctrine, and it was also consistent with his foreign policy included in his Big Stick Diplomacy. Roosevelt stated that in keeping with the Monroe Doctrine, the United States was justified in exercising "international police power" to put an end to chronic unrest or wrongdoing in the Western Hemisphere.
1903 – Big Stick diplomacy: Theodore Roosevelt refers to US policy as "speaking softly and carrying a big stick", applied the same year by assisting Panama's independence movement from Colombia. US forces sought to protect American interests and lives during and following the Panamanian revolution over construction of the Isthmian Canal.
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Prior to the Good Neighbor era, the United States maintained a dominating presence in Latin America—otherwise known as the Big Stick Policy. The United States not only wanted to establish itself within the region, but it also wanted to impose its cultural superiority, thus threatening the very way of life throughout Latin American countries.