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Iron is a chemical element; it has the symbol Fe (from Latin ferrum 'iron') and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table . It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth , forming much of Earth's outer and inner core .
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
Iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate, FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O. In chemistry, iron(II) refers to the element iron in its +2 oxidation state. The adjective ferrous or the prefix ferro-is often used to specify such compounds, as in ferrous chloride for iron(II) chloride (FeCl 2). The adjective ferric is used instead for iron(III) salts, containing the cation Fe 3+.
This is a list of common chemical compounds with chemical formulae and CAS numbers, indexed by formula. This complements alternative listing at list of inorganic compounds . There is no complete list of chemical compounds since by nature the list would be infinite.
Iron(II) sulfate – FeSO 4; Iron(III) chloride – FeCl 3; Iron(III) fluoride – FeF 3; Iron(III) oxalate – C 6 Fe 2 O 12; Iron(III) oxide – Fe 2 O 3; Iron(III) nitrate – Fe(NO 3) 3 (H 2 O) 9; Iron(III) sulfate – Fe 2 (SO 4) 3; Iron(III) thiocyanate – Fe(SCN) 3; Iron(II,III) oxide – Fe 3 O 4; Iron ferrocyanide – Fe 7 (CN) 18 ...
As of January 2016, all 118 elements have been confirmed by IUPAC as being discovered. The discovery of element 112 was acknowledged in 2009, and the name copernicium and the chemical symbol Cn were suggested for it. [52] The name and symbol were officially endorsed by IUPAC on 19 February 2010. [53]
An average 70 kg human body is about 0.01% heavy metals (~7 g, equivalent to the weight of two dried peas, with iron at 4 g, zinc at 2.5 g, and lead at 0.12 g comprising the three main constituents), 2% light metals (~1.4 kg, the weight of a bottle of wine) and nearly 98% nonmetals (mostly water).
Iron shows the characteristic chemical properties of the transition metals, namely the ability to form variable oxidation states differing by steps of one and a very large coordination and organometallic chemistry: indeed, it was the discovery of an iron compound, ferrocene, that revolutionalized the latter field in the 1950s. [1]