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Low-dose spironolactone is generally very well tolerated. [63] Even higher doses of spironolactone, such as 100 mg/day, are well tolerated in most individuals. [63] Dose-dependent side effects of spironolactone include menstrual irregularities, breast tenderness, and enlargement, orthostatic hypotension, and hyperkalemia. [63]
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Spironolactone has been found to be effective in the treatment of hirsutism in women at a dosage of as low as 50 mg/day. [60] At dosages of 100 mg/day and 200 mg/day, observed reductions in hair shaft diameter were 19% ± 8% and 30% ± 3%, respectively (p = 0.07).
Spirolactones are a class of functional group in organic chemistry featuring a cyclic ester attached spiro to another ring system. The name is also used to refer to a class of synthetic steroids, called steroid-17α-spirolactones, 17α-spirolactosteroids, or simply 17α-spirolactones, which feature their spirolactone group at the C17α position.
The trial was stopped early because the beneficial effect of spironolactone on all-cause death exceeded the prespecified discontinuation requirements. Spironolactone reduced the risk of death by 30% compared to placebo. Additionally, there was a 35% reduction in the risk of hospitalization for worsening heart failure in the spironolactone group.
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Spironolactone is a prodrug with a short terminal half-life of 1.4 hours. [5] [6] [7] The active metabolites of spironolactone have extended terminal half-lives of 13.8 hours for 7α-TMS, 15.0 hours for 6β-OH-7α-TMS, and 16.5 hours for canrenone, and accordingly, these metabolites are responsible for the therapeutic effects of the drug. [5] [6
Spironolactone is a prodrug with a short terminal half-life of 1.4 hours. [5] [6] [7] The active metabolites of spironolactone have extended terminal half-lives of 13.8 hours for 7α-TMS, 15.0 hours for 6β-OH-7α-TMS, and 16.5 hours for canrenone, and accordingly, these metabolites are responsible for the therapeutic effects of the drug. [5] [6]