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The leaves are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, dark green above, and both pale and fibrous beneath; they turn bright orange to red in autumn. [2] The flowers are white or pale pink, blooming in spring. The fruits are small round apple-shaped pomes, about 2 cm (3 ⁄ 4 in) long and from red to yellow-green in colour.
Antonovka apples. Antonovka is a cultivar of vernacular selection, which began to spread from the region of Kursk in Russia during the 19th century. [4] While the fruit-bearing trees have not received a wide degree of recognition outside the former Soviet Union, many nurseries do use Antonovka rootstocks, since they impart a degree of winter-hardiness to the grafted varieties.
Malus (/ ˈ m eɪ l ə s / [3] or / ˈ m æ l ə s /) is a genus of about 32–57 species [4] of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples. The genus is native to the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
The Malling series is a group of rootstocks for grafting apple trees. It was developed at the East Malling Research Station of the South-Eastern Agricultural College at Wye in Kent , England. From about 1912, Ronald Hatton and his colleagues rationalised, standardised and catalogued the various rootstocks in use in Europe at the time under ...
Young apple trees are also prone to mammal pests like mice and deer, which feed on the soft bark of the trees, especially in winter. [61] The larvae of the apple clearwing moth (red-belted clearwing) burrow through the bark and into the phloem of apple trees, potentially causing significant damage. [64]
A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid. Eating PickE late September–early October; use November–February Beauty of Kent [7] [13] [14] Kent, England introduced c.1820 Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed.
Unlike domesticated varieties, its leaves go red in autumn: 62% of the trees in the wild do this compared to only 2.8% of the regular apple plant or the 2,170 English cultivated varieties. [6] M. sieversii has the capability to reproduce vegetatively as they form root suckers, or basal shoots. [7]
The Polish apple rootstocks were designed specifically for winter hardiness. [13] "A2": Developed in Sweden for hardiness and strength. [14] Seedling: Very vigorous trees produced on a rootstock grown from seed. There is greater variability than with the vegetatively propagated rootstocks.