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Two kidney recipients, a 31-year-old woman and a 27-year-old man, suffered from post-transplant encephalitis due to Balamuthia. The woman died in February 2010 and the man survived with partial paralysis of his right arm. The CDC was notified by a physician on December 14, 2009, about possible transplant transmission in these two patients.
The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks. The clinical manifestations include behavioral and psychiatric symptoms, autonomic disturbances, movement disorders, and seizures. [1] Autoimmune encephalitis can result from a number of autoimmune diseases including: Rasmussen encephalitis
It can be caused by a bacterial infection, such as bacterial meningitis, [17] or may be a complication of a current infectious disease such as syphilis (secondary encephalitis). [ 18 ] Other bacterial pathogens, like Mycoplasma and those causing rickettsial disease , cause inflammation of the meninges and consequently encephalitis.
Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1). [2]
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) [2] is a rare, often fatal, subacute-to-chronic central nervous system disease caused by certain species of free-living amoebae [3] of the genera Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia and Sappinia. [4] [5] The term is most commonly used with Acanthamoeba.
Certain patterns of activity can be indicative of brain disease. In the case of anti-Hu encephalitis, temporal lobe electrical activity changes and the length of certain electrical waves known as delta and theta waves become slowed. [1] Before the diagnosis can be made, other causes of disease need to be ruled out.
Kaposi's Sarcoma can be caused by Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus and HIV. Liver cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma can be caused by hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, [25] and by the helminth Schistosoma japonicum. [26] Lung cancer is associated with the bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae, [27] with human papillomaviruses, and with Merkel cell ...
Limbic encephalitis is caused by autoimmunity: an abnormal state where the body produces antibodies against itself. Some cases are associated with cancer and some are not. [1] Although the disease is known as "limbic" encephalitis, it is seldom limited to the limbic system and post-mortem studies usually show involvement of other parts of the ...