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The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). [1] The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure. [2]
A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long-term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics.
In chemistry, a reactivity series (or reactivity series of elements) is an empirical, calculated, and structurally analytical progression [1] of a series of metals, arranged by their "reactivity" from highest to lowest. [2] [3] [4] It is used to summarize information about the reactions of metals with acids and water, single displacement ...
Boron (1s 2 2s 2 2p 1) puts its new electron in a 2p orbital; carbon (1s 2 2s 2 2p 2) fills a second 2p orbital; and with nitrogen (1s 2 2s 2 2p 3) all three 2p orbitals become singly occupied. This is consistent with Hund's rule , which states that atoms usually prefer to singly occupy each orbital of the same type before filling them with the ...
Radium has 33 known isotopes with mass numbers from 202 to 234, all of which are radioactive. [2] Four of these – 223 Ra ( half-life 11.4 days), 224 Ra (3.64 days), 226 Ra (1600 years), and 228 Ra (5.75 years) – occur naturally in the decay chains of primordial thorium-232 , uranium-235 , and uranium-238 ( 223 Ra from uranium-235, 226 Ra ...
The configurations of the elements in this table are written starting with [Og] because oganesson is expected to be the last prior element with a closed-shell (inert gas) configuration, 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 4d 10 4f 14 5s 2 5p 6 5d 10 5f 14 6s 2 6p 6 6d 10 7s 2 7p 6. Similarly, the [172] in the configurations for elements ...
The periodic trends in properties of elements. In chemistry, periodic trends are specific patterns present in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of certain elements when grouped by period and/or group. They were discovered by the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1863.
It is the second noble gas in the periodic table. [14] Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions , with approximately two-thirds the density of air. Neon was discovered in 1898 alongside krypton and xenon , identified as one of the three remaining rare inert elements in dry air after the removal of nitrogen ...