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Pelomyxa is a genus of giant flagellar amoebae, usually 500–800 μm but occasionally up to 5 mm in length, found in anaerobic or microaerobic bottom sediments of stagnant freshwater ponds or slow-moving streams. [1] The genus was created by R. Greeff, in 1874, with Pelomyxa palustris as its type species. [2]
The largest and most-known species, the so-called "giant amoeba" (Chaos carolinensis), can reach lengths up to 5 mm, although most specimens fall between 1 and 3 mm. [3] [4] [5] Members of this genus closely resemble those of the genus Amoeba and share the same general morphology, producing numerous cylindrical pseudopods , each of which is ...
The Phytomyxea are obligate parasites, with hosts among the plants, diatoms, oomycetes, and brown algae. They cause plant diseases like cabbage club root and powdery scab. [29] The Labyrinthulomycetes are marine slime nets, forming labyrinthine networks of tubes in which amoeba without pseudopods can travel. [30]
A few species are human pathogens, causing diseases such as amoebic dysentery. The other genera of archamoebae live in freshwater habitats and are unusual among amoebae in possessing flagella . Most have a single nucleus and flagellum, but the giant amoeba Pelomyxa has many of each.
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi , oomycetes , bacteria , viruses , viroids , virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas , protozoa , nematodes and parasitic plants . [ 2 ]
Note that an apogamic amoeba retains its matA1 mating type specificity and can still fuse sexually with an amoeba of a different mating type to form a diploid heterozygous plasmodium—another characteristic that facilitates genetic analysis. [citation needed] P. polycephalum amoebae growing on lawns of live E. coli.
Mimivirus is a genus of giant viruses, in the family Mimiviridae. It is believed that Amoeba serve as their natural hosts. [2] [3] It also refers to a group of phylogenetically related large viruses. [4] In colloquial speech, APMV is more commonly referred to as just "mimivirus".
The genus name Phytophthora comes from the Greek φυτό (phyto), meaning "plant" – plus the Greek φθορά (phthora), meaning "decay, ruin, perish".The species name infestans is the present participle of the Latin verb infestare, meaning "attacking, destroying", from which the word "to infest" is derived.