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Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a form of histiocytosis, classified as non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. [1] [2] It is a rare skin disorder that primarily affects children under one year of age but can also be found in older children and adults. [3] It was first described in 1905 by Adamson. [4]
Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma. H&E stain. Touton giant cells are a type of multinucleated giant cell observed in a myriad of pathological disorders and conditions. Specifically, Touton giant cells are found in lipid-rich lesions such as those of fat necrosis, xanthoma, xanthelasma and xanthogranulomas. Touton giant cells are ...
Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) II: D76.3: non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) II: D76.1: non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis Niemann–Pick disease: II: E75.2: non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis Sea-blue histiocytosis: II – non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis Acute monocytic leukemia: III: C93.0: malignant ...
Juvenile xanthogranuloma; Progressive nodular histiocytoma; Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (Giant Cell) Reticulohistiocytoma; Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis; Rosai–Dorfman disease; Xanthoma disseminatum; Kikuchi disease; Erdheim–Chester disease. [2]
Juvenile xanthogranuloma: Touton type giant cells and foamy cells VI. Tumoral lesions: Benign tumoral lesions Mastocytoma: Abundant mast cells Tzanck smear test is useful for rapid diagnosis of mastocytoma in children Sebaceous hyperplasia: Clusters of sebocytes Seborrheic keratosis: Hyperkeratosis and horny cysts 87.5% sensitive and 80.8% specific
Clinically, ICH is defined by pink to reddish, varying-sized, painless, non-itching papules or nodules that develop on otherwise healthy skin (sparing mucosae). These lesions can appear as a single, distinct group of lesions, or several generalized papules dispersed over the trunk, face, and limbs. They can also show signs of stable disease ...
The most common type, atopic dermatitis, causes chronic itchy and dry and cracked skin, and it is strongly associated with allergies such as asthma or hay fever.
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