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The Heard Islands and McDonald Islands are World Heritage Sites for the macaroni penguin. [43] The macaroni penguin may be being impacted by commercial fishing and marine pollution. [46] A 2008 study suggests the abilities of female penguins to reproduce may be negatively affected by climate- and fishing-induced reductions in krill density. [47]
Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the penguin's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IOC World Bird List for that species unless otherwise noted ...
Royal penguin head. There was some controversy over whether royal penguins are a subspecies of macaroni penguins. [2] Individuals of the two groups have been known to interbreed, though this is a relatively rare occurrence. Indeed, other penguins have been known to form mixed-species pairs in the wild. They inhabit the waters surrounding ...
The article states that "The Macaroni Penguin is the most abundant among all the world's penguins, in terms of numbers, with about 12 million pairs in existence... The population of Macaroni Penguins, however, is decreasing," however, your source #11 (Reynolds) states: "Macaroni penguin population status is stable and increasing.
It is commonly known as the fairy penguin, little blue penguin, or blue penguin, owing to its slate-blue plumage and is also known by its Māori name kororā. It is a marine neritic species that dives for food throughout the day and returns to burrows on the shore at dusk, making it the only nocturnal penguin species on land.
Emperor penguins inhabit the compacted ice along the coast of Antarctica with some colonies established up to 11 miles inland. Unlike a number of other penguin species that may visit the continent ...
The ICUN compiled the “Red List”, evaluating the global conservation status of species based on the threat level. [15] The list separates species into threat levels ranging from least concern to extinct, aiding in directing efforts to mitigate species decline [16] This assessment evaluated factors contributing to species extinction like population size, trends, distributions, and threats.
These conservation status categories are used in Wikipedia articles. For threatened species and species believed to have become extinct after 1500, the categories are based on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Red List 1994 or 2001 categories.