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  2. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Although Excel nominally works with 8-byte numbers by default, VBA has a variety of data types. The Double data type is 8 bytes, the Integer data type is 2 bytes, and the general purpose 16 byte Variant data type can be converted to a 12 byte Decimal data type using the VBA conversion function CDec. [12]

  3. Shrinkage (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkage_(statistics)

    But the adjustment formula yields an artificial shrinkage. A shrinkage estimator is an estimator that, either explicitly or implicitly, incorporates the effects of shrinkage. In loose terms this means that a naive or raw estimate is improved by combining it with other information.

  4. Variable-width encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-width_encoding

    [1] [a] Most common variable-width encodings are multibyte encodings (aka MBCS – multi-byte character set), which use varying numbers of bytes to encode different characters. (Some authors, notably in Microsoft documentation, use the term multibyte character set, which is a misnomer , because representation size is an attribute of the ...

  5. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    The table shown on the right can be used in a two-sample t-test to estimate the sample sizes of an experimental group and a control group that are of equal size, that is, the total number of individuals in the trial is twice that of the number given, and the desired significance level is 0.05. [4]

  6. Training, validation, and test data sets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training,_validation,_and...

    A training data set is a data set of examples used during the learning process and is used to fit the parameters (e.g., weights) of, for example, a classifier. [9] [10]For classification tasks, a supervised learning algorithm looks at the training data set to determine, or learn, the optimal combinations of variables that will generate a good predictive model. [11]

  7. Help:Convert messages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Convert_messages

    Template talk:Convert • Questions on using the convert template, or discussion of any problems encountered Wikipedia:Help desk • General questions Module talk:Convert • Discussion concerning the convert modules

  8. String metric - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric

    In mathematics and computer science, a string metric (also known as a string similarity metric or string distance function) is a metric that measures distance ("inverse similarity") between two text strings for approximate string matching or comparison and in fuzzy string searching.

  9. Character large object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_large_object

    It is a collection of character data in a database management system, usually stored in a separate location that is referenced in the table itself. Oracle and IBM Db2 provide a construct explicitly named CLOB, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and the majority of other database systems support some form of the concept, often labeled as text , memo or long character ...