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Crosses in heraldry. A number of cross symbols were developed for the purpose of the emerging system of heraldry, which appeared in Western Europe in about 1200. This tradition is partly in the use of the Christian cross an emblem from the 11th century, and increasingly during the age of the Crusades.
Heraldry is the system of visual identification of rank and pedigree which developed in the European High Middle Ages, [2] closely associated with the courtly culture of chivalry, Latin Christianity, the Crusades, feudal aristocracy, and monarchy of the time. Heraldic tradition fully developed in the 13th century, and it flourished and ...
The heraldry of the shield was first seen among the aristocratic elite of counts, before spreading by imitation to squire lords and then to ordinary knights. [Ha 3] By the end of the twelfth century and into the thirteenth, coats of arms were being adopted by all noblemen, right down to simple squires. [Pa 5] [Pa 7]
The Cross of Lorraine (French: Croix de Lorraine), known as the Cross of Anjou in the 16th century, is a heraldic two-barred cross, consisting of a vertical line crossed by two shorter horizontal bars. In most renditions, the horizontal bars are "graded" with the upper bar being the shorter, though variations with the bars of equal length are ...
List of Saint Patrick's crosses. Cross of Saint Peter. Cross of Salem. Saltire. Serbian cross. Sun cross. Swastika.
The German Hyghalmen Roll was made in the late 15th century and illustrates the German practice of repeating themes from the arms in the crest. (See Roll of arms).. Heraldry is a discipline relating to the design, display and study of armorial bearings (known as armory), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, rank and pedigree.
Cross of the Order of Saint John. Cross of the Order of Saint Lazarus. The Maltese cross is a cross symbol, consisting of four "V" or arrowhead shaped concave quadrilaterals converging at a central vertex at right angles, two tips pointing outward symmetrically. It is a heraldic cross variant which developed from earlier forms of eight-pointed ...
Occitan cross. The Occitan cross (Occitan: crotz occitana [ˈkɾuts utsiˈtanɔ] ⓘ), also called cross of Occitania (crotz d'Occitània), cross of Languedoc (crotz de Lengadòc) or cross of Toulouse (crotz de Tolosa), [a] heraldically "cross cleché, pommettée and voided", is a heraldic cross, today chiefly used as a symbol of Occitania.