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A double cone (not shown infinitely extended) 3D model of a cone. A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex. A cone is formed by a set of line segments, half-lines, or lines connecting a common point, the apex, to all of ...
Conical spiral. In mathematics, a conical spiral, also known as a conical helix, [1] is a space curve on a right circular cone, whose floor projection is a plane spiral. If the floor projection is a logarithmic spiral, it is called conchospiral (from conch).
Frustum. In geometry, a frustum (Latin for 'morsel'); [a] (pl.: frusta or frustums) is the portion of a solid (normally a pyramid or a cone) that lies between two parallel planes cutting the solid. In the case of a pyramid, the base faces are polygonal and the side faces are trapezoidal. A right frustum is a right pyramid or a right cone ...
A (general) conical surface is the unbounded surface formed by the union of all the straight lines that pass through a fixed point — the apex or vertex — and any point of some fixed space curve — the directrix — that does not contain the apex. Each of those lines is called a generatrix of the surface. The directrix is often taken as a ...
A right circular cylinder is a cylinder whose generatrices are perpendicular to the bases. Thus, in a right circular cylinder, the generatrix and the height have the same measurements. [1] It is also less often called a cylinder of revolution, because it can be obtained by rotating a rectangle of sides and around one of its sides.
Solid geometry or stereometry is the geometry of three-dimensional Euclidean space (3D space). [1] A solid figure is the region of 3D space bounded by a two-dimensional closed surface; for example, a solid ball consists of a sphere and its interior. Solid geometry deals with the measurements of volumes of various solids, including pyramids ...
The second moment of area, also known as area moment of inertia, is a geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with respect to an arbitrary axis. The unit of dimension of the second moment of area is length to fourth power, L 4, and should not be confused with the mass moment of inertia.
A machine screw. The right-handed helix (cos t, sin t, t) for 0 ≤ t ≤ 4π with arrowheads showing direction of increasing t. A helix (/ ˈhiːlɪks /; pl. helices) is a shape like a cylindrical coil spring or the thread of a machine screw. It is a type of smooth space curve with tangent lines at a constant angle to a fixed axis.