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In plants, the xanthophyll lutein is the most abundant carotenoid and its role in preventing age-related eye disease is currently under investigation. [5] Lutein and the other carotenoid pigments found in mature leaves are often not obvious because of the masking presence of chlorophyll. When chlorophyll is not present, as in autumn foliage ...
[29] Beta-carotene is found and consumed in many nutritious foods eaten around the world, including fruits and vegetables. Beta-carotene in food is a safe source of vitamin A. [30] A 2012 study showed that the beta-carotene produced by golden rice is as effective as beta-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children. [31]
Staphyloxanthin is a carotenoid pigment that is produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and is responsible for the characteristic golden color that gives S. aureus its species name. Staphyloxanthin also acts as a virulence factor.
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Carotenoderma is deliberately caused by beta-carotenoid treatment of certain photo-sensitive dermatitis diseases such as erythropoietic protoporphyria, where beta carotene is prescribed in quantities which discolor the skin. These high doses of beta carotene have been found to be harmless in studies, though cosmetically displeasing to some.
[28] [29] Another carotenoid, lutein is also found in different organs but it is one of the most preferred carotenoids of the brain and its retina and of the ovaries. [30] [31] This different affinity of different carotenoids to different organs can be used for more targeted delivery of hydrophobic bioactive molecules.
However, where carotene has double bonds, carotane only has single bonds. This is the only difference in the structure given that carotane represents the degradation of carotene. Given the length of time it takes to degrade carotane, the species allows for a more extensive geologic record.
Lutein (/ ˈ lj uː t i ɪ n,-t iː n /; [2] from Latin luteus meaning "yellow") is a xanthophyll and one of 600 known naturally occurring carotenoids.Lutein is synthesized only by plants, and like other xanthophylls is found in high quantities in green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale and yellow carrots.