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  2. Complaint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complaint

    In legal terminology, a complaint is any formal legal document that sets out the facts and legal reasons (see: cause of action) that the filing party or parties (the plaintiff(s)) believes are sufficient to support a claim against the party or parties against whom the claim is brought (the defendant(s)) that entitles the plaintiff(s) to a remedy (either money damages or injunctive relief).

  3. Complaints to the International Criminal Court - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complaints_to_the...

    Every time a complaint is received, the Prosecutor must "analyse the seriousness of the information received" [8] and decide whether there is a reasonable basis to open an investigation. The process begins with an initial review, during which many of the communications received are dismissed as "manifestly outside the jurisdiction of the Court".

  4. Petition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petition

    The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only money (damages) might be called (in most U.S. courts) a complaint. An initial pleading in a lawsuit that seeks non-monetary or "equitable" relief, such as a request for a writ of mandamus or habeas corpus, custody of a child, or probate of a will, is instead called a petition.

  5. Filing (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filing_(law)

    In law, filing is the delivery of a document to the clerk of a court and the acceptance of the document by the clerk for placement into the official record. [1] If a document is delivered to the clerk and is temporarily placed or deposited with the court (but is not accepted for filing), it is said to have been lodged with or received by the court (but not filed). [2]

  6. Pleading (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleading_(United_States)

    A complaint; An answer to a complaint; An answer to a counterclaim designated as a counterclaim; An answer to a crossclaim; A third-party complaint; An answer to a third-party complaint; and; If the court orders one, a reply to an answer. Any other document that requests a court order is referred to as a motion.

  7. Right to petition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_petition

    The prohibition of abridgment of the "right to petition" originally referred only to the Congress and the U.S. federal courts.The incorporation doctrine later expanded the protection of the right to its current scope, over all state and federal courts and legislatures, and the executive branches of the state [4] and federal governments.

  8. First information report - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_information_report

    A first information report (FIR) is a document prepared by police organisations in many South and Southeast Asian countries, including Myanmar, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, when they receive information about the commission of a cognisable offence, or in Singapore when the police receive information about any criminal offence.

  9. Product/process distinction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product/process_distinction

    The product/process distinction is used by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a way to determine whether or not a complaint filed by an importing nation is valid and warrants trade barriers against the exporting nation. Under WTO rules, an importing nation can lodge a complaint with the WTO that the exporting nation uses methods for ...