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Cloud physics is the study of the physical processes that lead to the formation, ... since cloud condensation nuclei are usually present. [27]
Condensation is the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle . [ 1 ] It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within ...
A typical raindrop is about 2 mm in diameter, a typical cloud droplet is on the order of 0.02 mm, and a typical cloud condensation nucleus is on the order of 0.0001 mm or 0.1 μm or greater in diameter. [1] The number of cloud condensation nuclei in the air can be measured at ranges between around 100 to 1000 per cm 3. [1]
It is used in atmospheric sciences and meteorology to determine the humidity at which a cloud is formed. Köhler theory combines the Kelvin effect , which describes the change in vapor pressure due to a curved surface, with Raoult's Law , which relates the vapor pressure to the solute concentration.
The Twomey effect describes how additional cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), possibly from anthropogenic pollution, may increase the amount of solar radiation reflected by clouds. This is an indirect effect (or radiative forcing ) by such particles, as distinguished from direct effects (forcing) due to enhanced scattering or absorbing radiation ...
In this region, radiation particles induce condensation and create cloud tracks. Fig. 4: How condensation trails are formed in a diffusion cloud chamber. Fig. 5: In a diffusion cloud chamber, a 5.3 MeV alpha-particle track from a Pb-210 pin source near Point (1) undergoes Rutherford scattering near Point (2), deflecting by angle theta of about ...
The Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process (after Alfred Wegener, Tor Bergeron and Walter Findeisen []), (or "cold-rain process") is a process of ice crystal growth that occurs in mixed phase clouds (containing a mixture of supercooled water and ice) in regions where the ambient vapor pressure falls between the saturation vapor pressure over water and the lower saturation vapor pressure over ice.
The Wilson Condensation Cloud formations that occur after large explosions, such as nuclear detonations, are named after him. [25] The Wilson Society, the scientific society of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge is named in his honour, [ 26 ] as is the CTR Wilson Institute for Atmospheric Electricity , the Atmospheric Electricity Special Interest ...