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Baumé degrees (light) was calibrated with 0 °Bé (light) being the density of 10% NaCl in water by mass and 10 °Bé (light) set to the density of water. Consider, at near room temperature: +100 °Bé (specific gravity, 3.325) would be among the densest fluids known (except some liquid metals), such as diiodomethane .
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.
Toggle the table of contents. Hydrochloric acid (data page) 1 language.
Toggle the table of contents. ... Density: 0.851 g/ml ... concentrated hydrochloric acid is used. The conversion entails a S N 1 reaction as shown below. [2]
Small amounts of hydrogen chloride for laboratory use can be generated in an HCl generator by dehydrating hydrochloric acid with either sulfuric acid or anhydrous calcium chloride. Alternatively, HCl can be generated by the reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium chloride: [17] NaCl + H 2 SO 4 → NaHSO 4 + HCl↑. This reaction occurs at room ...
That is, in grams, the atomic weight of the element divided by the usual valence. [2] For example, the equivalent weight of oxygen is 16.0/2 = 8.0 grams. For acid–base reactions, the equivalent weight of an acid or base is the mass which supplies or reacts with one mole of hydrogen cations (H +).
Isopropyl chloride can be easily produced in the lab by reacting concentrated hydrochloric acid with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of a calcium chloride or zinc chloride catalyst. The common ratio of alcohol to acid to catalyst is 1:2:1 using 30% HCl and near pure isopropyl alcohol.
It can also be produced by the addition of hydrochloric acid to a hot, concentrated solution of mercury(I) compounds such as the nitrate: [2] Hg 2 (NO 3) 2 + 4 HCl → 2 HgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O + 2 NO 2. Heating a mixture of solid mercury(II) sulfate and sodium chloride also affords volatile HgCl 2, which can be separated by sublimation. [2]