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Kolcaba's theory of comfort explains comfort as a fundamental need of all human beings for relief, ease, or transcendence arising from health care situations that are stressful. [1] Comfort can enhance health-seeking behaviors for patients, family members, and nurses. [2] The major concept within Katharine Kolcaba's theory is the
A patient's self-reported pain is so critical in the pain assessment method that it has been described as the "most valid measure" of pain. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The focus on patient report of pain is an essential aspect of any pain scale, but there are additional features that should be included in a pain scale.
PROMIS measures are standardized, allowing for assessment of many patient-reported outcome domains—including pain, fatigue, emotional distress, physical functioning and social role participation—based on common metrics that allow for comparisons across domains, across chronic diseases, and with the general population.
This parameter measures a patient's ability to detect and respond to discomfort or pain that is related to pressure on parts of their body. The ability to sense pain itself plays into this category, as does the level of consciousness of a patient and therefore their ability to cognitively react to pressure-related discomfort.
The Joint Commission began setting standards for pain assessment in 2001 stating that the route of analgesic administration dictates the times for pain reassessment, as different routes require different amounts of time for the medication to have a therapeutic effect. Oral: 45–69 minutes. Intramuscular: 30 minutes.
Early versions of healthcare-related quality of life measures referred to simple assessments of physical abilities by an external rater (for example, the patient is able to get up, eat and drink, and take care of personal hygiene without any help from others) or even to a single measurement (for example, the angle to which a limb could be flexed).
A person's self-report is the most reliable measure of pain. [60] [61] [62] Some health care professionals may underestimate pain severity. [63] A definition of pain widely employed in nursing, emphasizing its subjective nature and the importance of believing patient reports, was introduced by Margo McCaffery in 1968: "Pain is whatever the ...
The Brief Pain Inventory is a medical questionnaire used to measure pain, developed by the Pain Research Group of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Symptom Evaluation in Cancer Care. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is widely used around the world today to help with measuring a patients' pain intensity and the amount of interference the pain has ...