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The terms fused quartz and fused silica are used interchangeably but can refer to different manufacturing techniques, resulting in different trace impurities. However fused quartz, being in the glassy state, has quite different physical properties compared to crystalline quartz despite being made of the same substance. [2]
Quartz crystal demonstrating transparency. Pure quartz, traditionally called rock crystal or clear quartz, is colorless and transparent or translucent and has often been used for hardstone carvings, such as the Lothair Crystal. Common colored varieties include citrine, rose quartz, amethyst, smoky quartz, milky quartz, and others. [37]
[1] [2] It is made by first softening quartz rods (in an oxyhydrogen flame) [3] and then creating filaments from the rods. [4] Since the creation of high-purity quartz crystals is an energy intensive process, quartz fiber is more expensive than alternatives (glass fiber and high-silica fiber) and has limited applications. [3]
Unless stated otherwise, the properties of fused silica (quartz glass) and germania glass are derived from the SciGlass glass database by forming the arithmetic mean of all the experimental values from different authors (in general more than 10 independent sources for quartz glass and T g of germanium oxide glass). The list is not exhaustive.
5D optical data storage (also branded as Superman memory crystal, [1] a reference to the Kryptonian memory crystals from the Superman franchise) is an experimental nanostructured glass for permanently recording digital data using a femtosecond laser writing process. [2]
Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope detected quartz crystals made of silica, a common Earth mineral, in the atmosphere of a hot exoplanet.
Quartz lens (diameter 38 mm) from Nimrud, Assyria, circa 750 BC (British Museum) The earliest known optical lenses, dating from before 700 BC, were produced under the Assyrian Empire: [2] they were made of polished crystals, usually quartz, rather than glass. It wasn't until the rise of the Greeks and Romans that glass was used as an optical ...
Physicists in Finland are the latest scientists to create “time crystals,” a newly discovered phase of matter that exists only at tiny atomic scales and