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Fool's mate was named and described in The Royal Game of Chess-Play, a 1656 text by Francis Beale that adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. [2]Prior to the mid-19th century, there was not a prevailing convention as to whether White or Black moved first; according to Beale, the matter was to be decided in some prior contest or decision of the players' choice. [3]
Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
A variant first described by Claude Shannon provides an argument about the game-theoretic value of chess: he proposes allowing the move of “pass”. In this variant, it is provable with a strategy stealing argument that the first player has at least a draw thus: if the first player has a winning move in the initial position, let him play it, else pass.
Thus, the text "one houĊże" describing the first move (advancing one square) may have been a mistake. During the eighth round of the World Rapid Chess Championship 2023 , Surya Shekhar Ganguly as white was checkmated in 8 moves by Mukhiddin Madaminov in a Scotch Game that ended in a scholar's mate pattern.
Three knights and a king can force checkmate against a lone king within twenty moves (assuming that the lone king cannot quickly win a knight). [57] These situations are generally only seen in chess problems , since at least one of the knights must be a promoted piece , and there is rarely a reason to promote a pawn to a piece other than a ...
In chess, there is a consensus among players and theorists that the player who makes the first move has an inherent advantage, albeit not one large enough to win with perfect play. This has been the consensus since at least 1889, when the first World Chess Champion , Wilhelm Steinitz , addressed the issue, although chess has not been solved .
The black rook moves behind the pawn as soon as the pawn moves up to its seventh rank. Also, Black's king must be near the corner on the opposite side of the board if the pawn advances to its seventh rank so the white rook cannot check the black king and then support the advance of the pawn, or sacrifice its pawn to skewer Black's king and rook ...
Chess openings are primarily categorized by move sequences. [19] In the initial position, White has twenty legal moves. [ 20 ] Of these, 1.e4, 1.d4, 1.Nf3, and 1.c4 are by far the most popular as these moves do the most to promote rapid development and control of the center.