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In telecommunications, the term channel noise level has the following meanings: The ratio of the noise in the communication channel at any point in a transmission system to an arbitrary level chosen as a reference. [a] [b] The noise power spectral density in the frequency range of interest. The average noise power in the frequency range of ...
Environmental noise can be any external noise that can potentially impact the effectiveness of communication. [2] These noises can be any type of sight (i.e., car accident, television show), sound (i.e., talking, music, ringtones), or stimuli (i.e., tapping on the shoulder) that can distract someone from receiving the message. [3]
In telecommunications, equivalent pulse code modulation (PCM) noise is the amount of noise power on a frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) or wire communication channel necessary to approximate the same judgment of speech quality created by quantization noise in a PCM channel. Note 1: The speech quality judgment is based on comparative tests.
[142] [151] [153] Communication may fail, for example, if the receiver lacks the decoding skills necessary to understand the message or if the source has a demeaning attitude toward the receiver. [158] [153] For the message, the main factors are code, content, and treatment, each of which can be analyzed in terms of its structure and its elements.
In information theory and telecommunication engineering, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR [1]) (also known as the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNIR) [2]) is a quantity used to give theoretical upper bounds on channel capacity (or the rate of information transfer) in wireless communication systems such as networks.
Telecommunication systems strive to increase the ratio of signal level to noise level in order to effectively transfer data. Noise in telecommunication systems is a product of both internal and external sources to the system. Noise is a random process, characterized by stochastic properties such as its variance, distribution, and spectral density.
For example, in wireless communications the channel is often modeled by a random attenuation (known as fading) of the transmitted signal, followed by additive noise. The attenuation term is a simplification of the underlying physical processes and captures the change in signal power over the course of the transmission.
When sound levels reach a high enough intensity, the sound, whether it is wanted or unwanted, may be damaging to hearing. [3] Environmental noise monitoring is the measurement of noise in an outdoor environment caused by transport (e.g. motor vehicles, aircraft, and trains), industry (e.g. machines) and recreational activities (e.g. music).