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Formerly the bonobo was known as the "pygmy chimpanzee", despite the bonobo having a similar body size to the common chimpanzee. The name "pygmy" was given by the German zoologist Ernst Schwarz in 1929, who classified the species on the basis of a previously mislabeled bonobo cranium, noting its diminutive size compared to chimpanzee skulls.
Bonobos frequently have sex, sometimes to help prevent and resolve conflicts. Different groups of chimpanzees also have different cultural behaviour with preferences for types of tools. [53] The common chimpanzee tends to display greater aggression than does the bonobo. [54] The average captive chimpanzee sleeps 9 hours and 42 minutes per day. [55]
Kanzi (born October 28, 1980), also known by the lexigram (from the character 太), is a male bonobo who has been the subject of several studies on great ape language. According to Sue Savage-Rumbaugh , a primatologist who has studied the bonobo throughout her life, Kanzi has exhibited advanced linguistic aptitude.
Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelli) Hominoidea is a superfamily of primates. Members of this superfamily are called hominoids or apes, and include gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, gibbons, bonobos, and humans. Hominoidea is one of the six major groups in the order Primates. The majority are found in forests in Southeastern Asia and Equatorial Africa, with the exception of humans, which have ...
J. Fred Muggs (a chimpanzee born 1952) was a "co-host" with Dave Garroway on NBC's Today Show in the 1950s. Jiggs, a chimpanzee, was the first Cheeta in the Tarzan films in the 1930s. Jimmy, a chimpanzee, appeared in the film Dark Venture; Joe Martin, an orangutan, appeared in several silent-era American films
Both species shared a common ancestor after humans split from the chimpanzees and bonobos between four and seven million years ago in Africa. The split between the common ancestors of the chimpanzee and bonobos then took place about 1.5 to 2 million years ago with the two lineages giving rise to the two current extant species.
Bonobos Kanzi (C) and Panbanisha (R) with Sue Savage-Rumbaugh (L) and the outdoor symbols "keyboard" Panbanisha (November 17, 1985 – November 6, 2012), [1] [2] also known by the lexigram, was a female bonobo that featured in studies on great ape language by Professor Sue Savage-Rumbaugh.
Experimentation on great apes—a smaller family within the ape superfamily—is currently banned in the European Union, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand (29 countries total). [1] These countries have ruled that chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and orangutans are so cognitively similar to humans that using them as test subjects is unethical.