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Theory X and Theory Y are theories of human work motivation and management. They were created by Douglas McGregor while he was working at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. [1] McGregor's work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of Abraham Maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs.
A leadership style is a leader's method of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. [1] Various authors have proposed identifying many different leadership styles as exhibited by leaders in the political , business or other fields.
A shared, motivating group purpose or vision. Action, progress and results. Collective unity or team spirit. Individual selection and motivation. The inner level – personal leadership – refers to what leaders should do to grow their leadership presence, knowhow and skill. It has three aspects: Developing one's technical knowhow and skill.
A leadership style is a leader's way of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. It is the result of the philosophy, personality, and experience of the leader. Rhetoric specialists have also developed models for understanding leadership. [111] Different situations call for different leadership styles.
Subordinates gain motivation through rewards, occasional punishments, and little involvement in making decisions and setting goals. When compared to the first two systems, employees have more freedom to communicate and make company decisions. [4] Lower-level employees have the freedom to make specific decisions that will affect their work.
Internal company factors that determine a management style include, but are not limited to, policies, priorities, corporate culture, staff skill levels, motivation and management structures. [1] [2] In order to be effective, a manager’s style and outlook must fit into the business's organizational culture. Their style must adhere to the ...