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In a stack machine, the operands used in the instructions are always at a known offset (set in the stack pointer), from a fixed location (the bottom of the stack, which in a hardware design might always be at memory location zero), saving precious in-cache or in-CPU storage from being used to store quite so many memory addresses or index ...
Separate from the stack definition of a MISC architecture, is the MISC architecture being defined by the number of instructions supported. Typically a minimal instruction set computer is viewed as having 32 or fewer instructions, [1] [2] [3] where NOP, RESET, and CPUID type instructions are usually not counted by consensus due to their fundamental nature.
Stack-based algorithms manipulate data by popping data from and pushing data to the stack. Operators govern how the stack manipulates data. To emphasize the effect of a statement, a comment is often used showing the top of the stack before and after the statement; this is known as the stack effect diagram.
The 8087 (The floating point math coprocessor) is a stack machine, though. Added x87 as an example of hybrids between stack and register machines. DBSand 05:30, 1 April 2011 (UTC)DBSand Most stack machines are, infact two-stack machines. One for operands and one for loop counters.
The code in many of these systems operated on a last-in-first-out (LIFO) stack of operands, for which compiler theory was well-developed. Most modern processors have special hardware support for subroutine "call" and "return" instructions, so the overhead of one extra machine instruction per dispatch is somewhat diminished.
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A typical reverse Polish assembler prepares the operands on the stack and the mnemonic copies the whole instruction into memory as the last step. A Forth assembler is by nature a macro assembler, so that it is easy to define an alias for registers according to their role in the Forth system: e.g. "dsp" for the register used as the data stack ...
Walmart founder Sam Walton and his wife Helen, on their wedding day, February 14, 1943. At the time, Sam was a management trainee with the J.C. Penney Company. Photo: Courtesy of Walmart