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Tentative evidence of prolotherapy benefit was reported in a 2011 review. [5] [7] One 2017 review found evidence of benefit from low-quality studies. [14] A 2017 review described the evidence as moderate for knee osteoarthritis. [15] A 2016 review found benefit but there was a moderate degree of variability between trials and risk of bias. [16]
The ref is a good review and states "Prolotherapy is an injection-based complementary and alternative medical therapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain." So restored. Government programs comment on alt med treatments.
Dextrose prolotherapy injections performed either intraarticularly or into the dorsal sacroiliac ligaments is sometimes performed as an alternative treatment option. This is a controversial therapy but it does have research evidence to support its use.
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Prolotherapy has also been used to treat iliocostal friction syndrome, as the tendinous and muscle structures surrounding the iliac crest may be damaged as a result of iliocostal friction. Hypertonic dextrose is a common medication used in prolotherapy, sometimes diluted with lidocaine, which is injected along the iliac crest.
Neural therapy has been described as a form of holistic medicine for treating illness and chronic pain. [1] According to Quackwatch, neural therapy is "a bizarre approach claimed to treat pain and disease by injecting local anesthetics into nerves, scars, glands, trigger points, and other tissues".
The main advantages of ultrasound-guided injection are its safety, portability and lack of ionising radiation. Injectates can include corticosteroid, local anaesthetic, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), viscosupplement and dextrose prolotherapy. [1] The total volume injected is usually 6–7ml. [1]
Botulinum toxin A injections as well as similar techniques such as platelet-rich plasma injections and prolotherapy remain controversial. [7] [8] [11] [33] Dry needling is also being researched for treatment of plantar fasciitis. [34] A systematic review of available research found limited evidence of effectiveness for this technique. [35]