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Osram's Fluorescent Miniature (FM) tubes; Sylvania Luxline Slim T2 Linear; T4 1 ⁄ 2: 12.7 G5 bi-pin: Slim lamps. Power ratings and lengths not standardized (and not the same) between different manufacturers T5 T16 5 ⁄ 8: 15.9 G5 bi-pin; 2GX13 quad-pin; G10q quad-pin; Original 4–13 W miniature fluorescent range from 1950s or earlier. [1]
A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, to produce ultraviolet and make a phosphor coating in the lamp glow.
Circular and U-shaped lamps were devised to reduce the length of fluorescent light fixtures. The first fluorescent light bulb and fixture were displayed to the general public at the 1939 New York World's Fair. The spiral CFL was invented in 1976 by Edward E. Hammer, an engineer with General Electric, [7] in response to the 1973 oil crisis. [8]
LED tubes. LED tube is a type of LED lamp used in fluorescent tube luminaires with G5 and G13 bases to replace traditional fluorescent tubes. [1] As compared to fluorescent tubes, the most important advantages of LED tubes are energy efficiency and long service life.
The amount of mercury in a fluorescent lamp varies from 3 to 46 mg, depending on lamp size and age. [4] Newer lamps contain less mercury and the 3–4 mg versions are sold as low-mercury types. A typical 2006-era 4 ft (122 cm) T-12 fluorescent lamp (i.e. F34T12) contains about 5 milligrams of mercury. [5]
The suffix after the G indicates the pin spread; the G dates to the use of Glass for the original bulbs. GU usually also indicates that the lamp provides a mechanism for physical support by the luminaire: in some cases, each pin has a short section of larger diameter at the end (sometimes described as a "peg" rather than a "pin" [2]); the socket allows the bulb to lock into place by twisting ...