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It is common to identify one's first- and second-degree cousins, and sometimes third-degree cousins. It is seldom possible to identify fourth-degree cousins, since few people can trace their full family tree back more than four generations.
A cousin is a relative that is the child of a parent's sibling; this is more specifically referred to as a first cousin.. More generally, in the kinship system used in the English-speaking world, a cousin is a type of relationship in which relatives are two or more generations away from their most recent common ancestor.
Data on cousin marriage in the United States are sparse. It was estimated in 1960 that 0.2% of all marriages between Roman Catholics were between first or second cousins, but no more recent nationwide studies have been performed. [175] It is unknown what proportion of that number were first cousins, which is the group facing marriage bans.
Aforementioned "collateral relatives by blood up to the third degree of kinship" include: full and half siblings; uncles and niece; aunt and nephew; first cousins (which is counted as fourth degree of kinship in Roman civil law tradition) In Imperial China (221 BCE to 1912), marriage between first cousins was partially allowed.
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Third-degree relatives are a segment of the extended family and includes first cousins, great-grandparents and great-grandchildren. [7] Third-degree relatives are generally defined by the expected amount of genetic overlap that exists between two people, with the third-degree relatives of an individual sharing approximately 12.5% of their genes ...
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However, there is a large increase in fertility for third and fourth cousin marriages, whose children exhibit more fitness than both unrelated individuals or second cousins. [250] The total fertility increase may be partly explained by the lower average parental age at marriage or the age at first birth, observed in consanguineous marriages.