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One of the main properties of multiplication is the commutative property, which states in this case that adding 3 copies of 4 gives the same result as adding 4 copies of 3: = + + + = Thus, the designation of multiplier and multiplicand does not affect the result of the multiplication. [1] [2]
The Egyptians used the commutative property of multiplication to simplify computing products. [7] [8] Euclid is known to have assumed the commutative property of multiplication in his book Elements. [9] Formal uses of the commutative property arose in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when mathematicians began to work on a theory of ...
For example, multiplication is granted a higher precedence than addition, and it has been this way since the introduction of modern algebraic notation. [2] [3] Thus, in the expression 1 + 2 × 3, the multiplication is performed before addition, and the expression has the value 1 + (2 × 3) = 7, and not (1 + 2) × 3 = 9.
Therefore, one would say that multiplication distributes over addition. This basic property of numbers is part of the definition of most algebraic structures that have two operations called addition and multiplication, such as complex numbers, polynomials, matrices, rings, and fields.
4.1 Higher dimensions and more general ... parity is the property of an integer of whether it is ... multiplication and addition are commutative and associative in ...
A commutative algebra is an associative algebra for which the multiplication is commutative, or, equivalently, an associative algebra that is also a commutative ring. In this article associative algebras are assumed to have a multiplicative identity, denoted 1; they are sometimes called unital associative algebras for clarification.
In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplication, or an expression that identifies objects (numbers or variables) to be multiplied, called factors.For example, 21 is the product of 3 and 7 (the result of multiplication), and (+) is the product of and (+) (indicating that the two factors should be multiplied together).
The algebra of sets is the set-theoretic analogue of the algebra of numbers. Just as arithmetic addition and multiplication are associative and commutative, so are set union and intersection; just as the arithmetic relation "less than or equal" is reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive, so is the set relation of "subset".