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The glass transition presents features of a second-order transition since thermal studies often indicate that the molar Gibbs energies, molar enthalpies, and the molar volumes of the two phases, i.e., the melt and the glass, are equal, while the heat capacity and the expansivity are discontinuous.
The spins are arranged in a graph, ... The Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model of spin glass, ... there is a second-order phase transition: the free energy is infinite ...
Second-order phase transition s are also called ... show a relatively sudden change at the glass transition ... of connected clusters in a random graph
Landau theory (also known as Ginzburg–Landau theory, despite the confusing name [1]) in physics is a theory that Lev Landau introduced in an attempt to formulate a general theory of continuous (i.e., second-order) phase transitions. [2]
Ehrenfest equations (named after Paul Ehrenfest) are equations which describe changes in specific heat capacity and derivatives of specific volume in second-order phase transitions. The Clausius–Clapeyron relation does not make sense for second-order phase transitions, [ 1 ] as both specific entropy and specific volume do not change in second ...
The second phase transition separates the hexatic phase from the isotropic fluid, where both, translational and orientational order is short ranged. The system is dominated by critical fluctuations, since for continuous transitions, the difference of energy between the thermodynamic phases disappears in the vicinity of the transition.
The phase transition is continuous (second order) for [8] and discontinuous (first order) for >. [ 9 ] For the clock model, there is evidence that the corresponding phase transitions are infinite order BKT transitions , [ 10 ] and a continuous phase transition is observed when q ≤ 4 {\displaystyle q\leq 4} . [ 10 ]
A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.