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Three main changes are seen in the mechanism of Raynaud's phenomenon which are reduced blood flow, blood vessel constriction, and neurogenic, inflammatory, and immune responses. It is induced by mental stress and a cold atmosphere. In all cases, the primary cause is an underlying hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. Although, with ...
Dr. Denniston notes that signs of poor blood circulation can include leg pain after walking, cold hands and feet, white fingertips, varicose veins, slow wound healing, numbness, tingling, blue ...
Peripheral veinous disease, on the other hand, refers to problems with veins—the vessels that bring the blood back to the heart. [ 18 ] The classic symptom is leg pain when walking, which resolves with rest and is known as intermittent claudication . [ 2 ]
There is a recurrent acute and chronic inflammation and thrombosis of arteries and veins of the hands and feet. The main symptom is pain in the affected areas, at rest and while walking (claudication). [1] The impaired circulation increases sensitivity to cold. Peripheral pulses are diminished or absent. There are color changes in the extremities.
In the modified Allen test, one hand is examined at a time: [2] The patient is asked to clench their fist for about 30 seconds. Pressure is applied over the ulnar and the radial arteries so as to occlude both of them. Still elevated, the hand is then opened. It should appear blanched (pallor may be observed at the finger nails).
Raynaud’s disease is a rare peripheral vascular syndrome that narrows blood vessels, generally in the hands and feet, due to cold or stressful emotion. [8] It is recognized by the reduction of blood flow to fingers and toes with periodic spasm and results in a drastic color change to white or blue.
The signs and symptoms of ischemia vary, as they can occur anywhere in the body and depend on the degree to which blood flow is interrupted. [4] For example, clinical manifestations of acute limb ischemia (which can be summarized as the "six P's") include pain, pallor, pulseless, paresthesia, paralysis, and poikilothermia.
Erythromelalgia or Mitchell's disease (after Silas Weir Mitchell) is a rare vascular peripheral pain disorder in which blood vessels, usually in the lower extremities or hands, are episodically blocked (frequently on and off daily), then become hyperemic and inflamed. There is severe burning pain (in the small fiber sensory nerves) and skin ...