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The dawn phenomenon, sometimes called the dawn effect, is an observed increase in blood sugar (glucose) levels that takes place in the early-morning, often between 2 a.m. and 8 a.m. First described by Schmidt in 1981 as an increase of blood glucose or insulin demand occurring at dawn, [ 1 ] this naturally occurring phenomenon is frequently seen ...
Ion suppression in LC-MS and LC-MS/MS refers to reduced detector response, or signal:noise as a manifested effect of competition for ionisation efficiency in the ionisation source, between the analyte(s) of interest and other endogenous or exogenous (e.g. plasticisers extracted from plastic tubes, [1] mobile phase additives) species which have not been removed from the sample matrix during ...
In chemistry, the common-ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic precipitate by the addition to the solution of a soluble compound with an ion in common with the precipitate. [ 1 ] This behaviour is a consequence of Le Chatelier's principle for the equilibrium reaction of the ionic association / dissociation.
Particle aggregation is a widespread phenomenon, which spontaneously occurs in nature but is also widely explored in manufacturing. Some examples include. Formation of river delta. When river water carrying suspended sediment particles reaches salty water, particle aggregation may be one of the factors responsible for river delta formation.
In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle (pronounced UK: / l ə ʃ æ ˈ t ɛ l j eɪ / or US: / ˈ ʃ ɑː t əl j eɪ /), also called Chatelier's principle, Braun–Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier–Braun principle or the equilibrium law, [1] is a principle used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium.
In chemistry, quenching refers to any process which decreases the fluorescent intensity of a given substance. A variety of processes can result in quenching, such as excited state reactions, energy transfer, complex -formation and collisions. As a consequence, quenching is often heavily dependent on pressure and temperature.
Salting out. Salting out (also known as salt-induced precipitation, salt fractionation, anti-solvent crystallization, precipitation crystallization, or drowning out) [1] is a purification technique that utilizes the reduced solubility of certain molecules in a solution of very high ionic strength. Salting out is typically used to precipitate ...
In electrochemistry, concentration polarization denotes the part of the polarization of an electrolytic cell resulting from changes in the electrolyte concentration due to the passage of current through the electrode/solution interface. [1] Here polarization is understood as the shift of the electrochemical potential difference across the cell ...