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Adipose tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue that arises from the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes during fetal development. Mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent cells that can transform into various cell types, including fat cells, bone cells, cartilage cells, and muscle cells, among others.
Glandular epithelium is an epithelial tissue involved in the production and release of different secretory products (e.g., sweat, saliva, mucus, digestive enzymes, hormones). It is arranged into structures known as glands, which can be a single secretory cell (e.g., goblet cells) or a group of secretory cells (e.g., salivary glands).
The exact composition is dynamic and differs depending on the tissue. The basement membrane can be found in almost every tissue and can either lie underneath endothelial and epithelial cells, separate cells from the underlying connective tissue, or surround cells (like muscle, fat, and nerve cells). It serves a variety of functions, including ...
The perichondrium is an irregular connective tissue that is composed of two layers: the outer fibrous layer and the inner chondrogenic layer. The outer fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, which produce collagenous fibers that provide the skin with structure and strengthen bones. This layer also contains blood vessels which supply the cartilage ...
Mammary glands are organs that produce milk for nursing infants. The mammary gland is composed of lobules, which are clusters of cells that produce milk, and ducts, which are the channels that transport the milk to the nipples. The lobules and ducts are surrounded by a layer of adipose tissue, which provides insulation and helps protect the ...
The kidney is surrounded by three layers of tissue. On the outside is the renal fascia which is a thin layer of dense connective tissue that anchors the kidney to its surroundings. The middle layer, or the adipose capsule, is a fatty layer that protects the kidney from trauma. And the deepest layer, called the renal capsule, is a smooth ...
M2 macrophages on the other hand are needed for regeneration of connective tissue during wound healing. They produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 which allows for vascular stability and wound repair. M2 macrophages also function to phagocytize bacteria and damaged tissue around the wound.
The epicardium, or the innermost layer of the pericardium, is the outermost layer of the heart itself. It is composed of mesothelial cells, fat, and connective tissue. It is adjacent to the myocardium, the middle muscular layer. The innermost layer is referred to as the endocardium. The epicardium comprises part of the pericardium, forming the ...
The submucosa contains connective tissue, blood, lymphatic vessels, and a network of nerves known as Meissner's plexus. The muscularis mucosa comprises two layers of smooth muscle tissue that contract and relaxes to help move food matter through the colon. The serosa is a thin layer of tissue that covers the outside of the colon and helps to ...
The peripheral nervous system or PNS consists of all the nerves and ganglia outside of the central nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the cerebellum, cerebrum, brainstem, and spinal cord. The peripheral nerves consist of at least one bundle of nerve fibers called a fascicle, which has a surrounding layer of connective tissue ...