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Saccharomyces cerevisiae (/ ˌsɛrəˈvɪsi.iː /) (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungal microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes.
The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from fruit juice. In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts the sugars of the fruit into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. [1] The more sugars in the grapes, the higher the potential alcohol level of the wine if the yeast are ...
The use of different strains of yeasts is a major contributor to the diversity of wine, even among the same grape variety. [8] Alternative, non-Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeasts are being used more prevalently in the industry to add greater complexity to wine. After a winery has been in operation for a number of years, few yeast strains are ...
Malolactic conversion (also known as malolactic fermentation or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart -tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid. Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can ...
Saccharomyces elegans (Thomas and Davenport, 1985) Zygosaccharomyces bailii is a species in the genus Zygosaccharomyces. It was initially described as Saccharomyces bailii by Lindner in 1895, [1] but in 1983 it was reclassified as Zygosaccharomyces bailii in the work by Barnett et al. [2] Spoilage resulting from growth of the yeast ...
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) are antibodies against antigens presented by the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These antibodies are directed against oligomannose sequences α-1,3 Man (α-1,2 Man α-1,2 Man) n (n = 1 or 2). [ 1 ] ASCAs and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCAs) are the two ...
Mating of yeast. The mating of yeast, also known as yeast sexual reproduction, is a fundamental biological process that promotes genetic diversity and adaptation in yeast species. Yeast species, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast), are single-celled eukaryotes that can exist as either haploid cells, which contain a single set of ...
The most common yeast to referment wine is the standard wine fermentation yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but has also been attributed to Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Zygosaccharomyces bailii. [12] The main issues associated with the fault include turbidity (from yeast biomass production), excess ethanol production (may violate labelling laws ...