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830 CE. [] The first major Arabic work of astronomy is the Zij al-Sindh by Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. The work contains tables for the movements of the Sun, the Moon, and the five planets known at the time. The work is significant as it introduced Ptolemaic concepts into Islamic sciences. This work also marks the turning point in Arabic ...
1643 – Evangelista Torricelli, disciple of Galileo, builds an elementary barometer, which shows that the air weigths, and incidentally creating the first artificial vacuum in a laboratory. [ 90 ] 1648 – Johannes Hevelius discovers the lunar libration in longitude. [ 87 ] It can reach 7°54′ in amplitude.
The Ancient Greeks developed astronomy, which they treated as a branch of mathematics, to a highly sophisticated level. The first geometrical, three-dimensional models to explain the apparent motion of the planets were developed in the 4th century BC by Eudoxus of Cnidus and Callippus of Cyzicus.
1732 – Indian observatories of Sawai Jai Singh at Varanasi, Ujjain, Mathura, Madras. 1733 – Chester Moore Hall invents the achromatic lens refracting telescope. 1734 – Indian observatory of Sawai Jai Singh at Jaipur. 1753 – Real Observatorio de Cádiz (Spain) 1753 – Vilnius Observatory at Vilnius University, Lithuania.
The chronology of the universe describes the history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology. Research published in 2015 estimates the earliest stages of the universe's existence as taking place 13.8 billion years ago, with an uncertainty of around 21 million years at the 68% confidence level.
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...
c.16th century BCE – Mesopotamian cosmology has a flat, circular Earth enclosed in a cosmic ocean. [ 1 ] c.15th–11th century BCE – The Rigveda of Hinduism has some cosmological hymns, particularly in the late book 10, notably the Nasadiya Sukta which describes the origin of the universe, originating from the monistic Hiranyagarbha or ...
Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, nebulae, galaxies, meteoroids, asteroids, and comets.