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  2. Vapor–liquid separator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporliquid_separator

    In chemical engineering, a vaporliquid separator is a device used to separate a vaporliquid mixture into its constituent phases. It can be a vertical or horizontal vessel, and can act as a 2-phase or 3-phase separator. A vaporliquid separator may also be referred to as a flash drum, breakpot, knock-out drum or knock-out pot, compressor ...

  3. Souders–Brown equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souders–Brown_equation

    The Souders–Brown equation (named after Mott Souders and George Granger Brown [1][2]) has been a tool for obtaining the maximum allowable vapor velocity in vaporliquid separation vessels (variously called flash drums, knockout drums, knockout pots, compressor suction drums and compressor inlet drums). It has also been used for the same ...

  4. McCabe–Thiele method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCabe–Thiele_method

    McCabe–Thiele method. The McCabe–Thiele method is a technique that is commonly employed in the field of chemical engineering to model the separation of two substances by a distillation column. [1][2][3] It uses the fact that the composition at each theoretical tray is completely determined by the mole fraction of one of the two components.

  5. Vapor-compression refrigeration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor-compression...

    Vapor-compression uses a circulating liquid refrigerant as the medium which absorbs and removes heat from the space to be cooled and subsequently rejects that heat elsewhere. Figure 1 depicts a typical, single-stage vapor-compression system. All such systems have four components: a compressor, a condenser, a metering device or thermal expansion ...

  6. Liquid–liquid extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidliquid_extraction

    A separatory funnel used for liquidliquid extraction, as evident by the two immiscible liquids.. Liquidliquid extraction, also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water (polar) and an organic solvent (non-polar).

  7. Circulation evaporator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulation_evaporator

    As the evaporation action occurs only in the separator and not in the heat exchanger, fouling is reduced despite higher levels of turbulence in the design. Alternatively, another design parameter is the optimisation of liquid velocity in the tube side flow which is regulated by the circulation pump. [1] Forced circulation evaporators in the ...

  8. Vortex breaker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_breaker

    A vortex breaker is a device used in engineering to stop the formation of a vortex when a fluid (liquid or gas) is drained from a vessel such as a tank or vaporliquid separator. The formation of vortices can entrain vapor in the liquid stream, leading to poor separation in process steps such as distillation or excessive pressure drop, [1] or ...

  9. Fractionating column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractionating_column

    A laboratory fractionating column is a piece of glassware used to separate vaporized mixtures of liquid compounds with close volatility. Most commonly used is either a Vigreux column or a straight column packed with glass beads or metal pieces such as Raschig rings. Fractionating columns help to separate the mixture by allowing the mixed vapors ...