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The Red Army Faction (Rote Armee Fraktion, pronounced [ˌʁoːtə ʔaʁˈmeː fʁakˌtsi̯oːn] ⓘ; RAF [ˌɛʁʔaːˈʔɛf] ⓘ), [a] also known as the Baader–Meinhof Group or Baader–Meinhof Gang (German: Baader-Meinhof-Gruppe Baader-Meinhof-Bande [ˈbaːdɐ ˈmaɪnhɔf ˈɡʁʊpə] ⓘ), was a West German far-left militant group founded in 1970 and active until 1998.
Juni) was a West German anarchist militant group based in West Berlin. Active from January 1972 to 1980, the anarchist group was one of the few militant groups at the time in Germany . Although the 2 June Movement did not share the same ideology as the Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof Gang), these organizations were allies.
The terrorism of the 1970s has formed Germany's political culture and its policy of not negotiating with terrorists. It also led to the formation of the GSG9 counter-terrorism unit. In 1972, a law was passed, the Extremist Act ( Radikalenerlass ), which banned radicals or those with a 'questionable' political persuasion from public sector jobs.
The West German Interior Ministry described it as one of West Germany's most dangerous leftist terrorist groups in the early 1980s. [2] According to the office of the German Federal Prosecutor, the Revolutionary Cells claimed responsibility for 186 attacks, [ 3 ] of which 40 were committed in West Berlin .
In a letter left for her friend Tatjana, fugitive Red Army Faction terrorist Rita Vogt (Bibiana Beglau) relates the story of her life.During the 1970s, Rita and her fellow urban guerrillas carried out armed robberies, kidnappings, and various other attacks in West Germany, as part of their campaign of armed struggle against the capitalist system.
The West German Embassy siege in Stockholm, Sweden, was a hostage standoff initiated by the Red Army Faction (RAF) on 24 April 1975. [1] Collectively, the attackers referred to themselves as Kommando Holger Meins, after Holger Meins , an RAF member who had died of starvation during a (collective) hunger strike in Wittlich Prison on 9 November 1974.
The Red Army Faction (RAF) existed in West Germany from 1970 to 1998, committing numerous crimes, especially in the autumn of 1977, which led to a national crisis that became known as the "German Autumn". The RAF was founded in 1970 by Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Ulrike Meinhof, Horst Mahler, and others. [1]
The scope of this category includes pages whose subjects relate to terrorism, a contentious label. Value-laden labels —such as calling an organization and/or individual a terrorist—may express contentious opinion and are best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources to describe the subject, in which case use in-text attribution.