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Molecular breeding is the application of molecular biology tools, often in plant breeding [1] [2] and animal breeding. [3] [4] In the broad sense, molecular breeding can be defined as the use of genetic manipulation performed at the level of DNA to improve traits of interest in plants and animals, and it may also include genetic engineering or gene manipulation, molecular marker-assisted ...
Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection (MAS) is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker (morphological, biochemical or DNA/RNA variation) linked to a trait of interest (e.g. productivity, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality), rather than on the trait itself.
Linkage analysis depends upon recent genetic recombination between two different plant lines (as the result of a genetic cross) to identify general regions of interest, with the advantage of requiring few genetic markers to ensure genome wide coverage and high statistical power per allele. Linkage analysis, however, has the disadvantages of low ...
Other molecular breeding tool include development of genetically modified crops that can tolerate plant stress. As a complement to the recent rapid progress in genomics , a better understanding of physiological mechanisms of dehydration response will also contribute to the progress of genetic enhancement of crop drought resistance.
Molecular biology techniques are common methods used in molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics and biophysics which generally involve manipulation and analysis of DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid Wikimedia Commons has media related to Molecular biology techniques .
Each plant receives a blend of pollen from a large number of individuals each having different genotypes. Such populations are characterized by a high degree of heterozygosity with tremendous free and potential genetic variation, which is maintained in a steady state by free gene flow among individuals within the populations.
Centralized web application that provides data format transformations and facilitates connections with other bioinformatics tools Web browser: LGPL: Broad Institute, collaborative project GENtle: An equivalent to the proprietary Vector NTI, a tool to analyze and edit DNA sequence files Linux, macOS, Windows: GPL: Magnus Manske: gget
Molecular phylogenetics (protein or nucleotide) Maximum likelihood: J. Adachi and M. Hasegawa MorphoBank: Web application to organize trait data (morphological characters) for tree building for use with Maximum Parsimony (via the CIPRES portal), Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian analysis) O'Leary, M. A., and S. Kaufman, [29] also K. Alphonse MrBayes