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Mastitis, a potentially fatal mammary gland infection, is the most common disease in dairy cattle in the United States and worldwide. It is also the most costly disease to the dairy industry . [ 1 ] Milk from cows suffering from mastitis has an increased somatic cell count .
Laminitis literally means inflammation of the laminae, and while it remains controversial whether this is the primary mechanism of disease, evidence of inflammation occurs very early in some instances of the disease. [3]
The pastern is a part of the leg of a horse between the fetlock and the top of the hoof.It incorporates the long pastern bone (proximal phalanx) and the short pastern bone (middle phalanx), which are held together by two sets of paired ligaments to form the pastern joint (proximal interphalangeal joint).
A scoring system [5] was developed to classify the different stages of digital dermatitis, the M-stages system, where "M" stands for Mortellaro. The different stages are described as: M0, healthy skin; M1, early stage, skin defect < 2 cm diameter; M2, acute active ulcerative lesion; M3, healing stage, lesion covered with scab-like material; M4, chronic stage, that may be dyskeratotic (mostly ...
May be "articular windgalls," which are the result of excessive synovial fluid in the fetlock joint capsule and located on the inside and outside of the fetlock, just behind the bones of the joint. Swelling towards the back of the joint are "tendonous windgalls," and are the result of effusion in the deep digital flexor tendon sheath.
Cattle drenches can be applied through a solution poured on the back, throat or an injection. [1] [2] Cattle drenches are predominately necessary for young cattle with weaker immune systems that are susceptible to parasite infestation. [1] Drenching is a common method for controlling parasites in the meat and dairy industries. [1]
The treatment of equine lameness is a complex subject. Lameness in horses has a variety of causes, and treatment must be tailored to the type and degree of injury, as well as the financial capabilities of the owner. Treatment may be applied locally, systemically, or intralesionally, and the strategy for treatment may change as healing progresses.
Cattle being treated against ticks in a plunge dip A plunge dip (also known as a dipping vat , dipping tank or, simply, a dip ) is a bath designed to immerse livestock in liquid pesticide or other treatment.