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OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections .
OBD-II is an improvement over OBD-I in both capability and standardization. The OBD-II standard specifies the type of diagnostic connector and its pinout, the electrical signalling protocols available, and the messaging format. It also provides a candidate list of vehicle parameters to monitor along with how to encode the data for each.
Pure IBNR refers to only unreported claims, not any development on reported claims. Incurred but not enough reported (IBNER), in contrast, refers to development on reported claims. For example, when a claim is first reported, a $100 payment might be made, and a $900 case reserve might be established, for a total initial reported amount of $1000.
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The Employees' Old-Age Benefits Institution (EOBI) (Urdu: ادارہِ مراعاتِ معمّر ملازمین) is the pension, old age benefits and social insurance institution of the Government of Pakistan. It operates under the control of Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development. [1]
Many later 8192 baud vehicles, for example, had airbag control, ABS, and even climate control units sending data on the same serial bus. In both versions, ALDL data is sent in a format unique to the model of ECU in the vehicle with little standardization between models, so a proper definition of the data is required to interpret it.
The description of Mode 3 DTC parameter data seems to be specific to CAN-bus OBD-II ECUs. Older, pre-2003 OBD-II ECUs (i.e., J1850 VPW/PWM, ISO 9142-2 and Keyword 2000) pack DTC data into multiple OBD-II response packets somewhat differently. --Bruce D. Lightner 17:00, 14 December 2011 (UTC)
The second rule is that proceedings on the same facts cannot be commenced in a second court if the lis (action), is already pendens (pending), in another court. Lis alibi pendens arises from international comity and permits a court to refuse to exercise jurisdiction if there is parallel litigation pending in another jurisdiction.