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Leaves of most plants include a flat structure called the blade or lamina supported by a network of veins, a petiole and a leaf base; [1] but not all leaves are flat, some are cylindrical. [ citation needed ] Leaves may be simple, with a single leaf blade, or compound, with several leaflets .
The leaves appear relatively late in spring, and turn a clear pale yellow in autumn. The leaflets fold together in wet weather and at night , as some change of position at night is a habit of the entire leguminous family. Young trees are often spiny, especially on root suckers and branches near the ground; mature trees often lack spines.
Spring in temperate deciduous forests is a period of ground vegetation and seasonal herb growth, a process that starts early in the season before trees have regrown their leaves and when ample sunlight is available. Once a suitable temperature is reached in mid- to late spring, budding and flowering of tall deciduous trees also begins.
An evergreen forest is a forest made up of evergreen trees. They occur across a wide range of climatic zones, and include trees such as conifers and holly in cold climates, eucalyptus, live oak, acacias, magnolia, and banksia in more temperate zones, and rainforest trees in tropical zones.
Deciduous trees experience much less branch and trunk breakage from glaze ice storms when leafless, and plants can reduce water loss due to the reduction in availability of liquid water during cold winter days. [16] Losing leaves in winter may reduce damage from insects; repairing leaves and keeping them functional may be more costly than just ...
In many species with spirally arranged leaves, such as Abies grandis (pictured), the leaf bases are twisted to present the leaves in a very flat plane for maximum light capture. Leaf size varies from 2 mm in many scale-leaved species, up to 400 mm long in the needles of some pines (e.g. Apache pine, Pinus engelmannii ).
Evergreen and deciduous conifers, mostly trees and some shrubs, with heavily scented resin. Leaves are needle-shaped or linear. Pinus pinea is grown commercially for pine nuts. Many species are grown as ornamentals, especially for winter holidays. [8] Pinales
Members of the family Pinaceae are trees (rarely shrubs) growing from 2 to 100 metres (7 to 300 feet) tall, mostly evergreen (except the deciduous Larix and Pseudolarix), resinous, monoecious, with subopposite or whorled branches, and spirally arranged, linear (needle-like) leaves. [3] The embryos of Pinaceae have three to 24 cotyledons.
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